China's Energy Conditions and Policies

 China's Energy Conditions and Policies of the PRC State Council Information Office

December 2007 b Beijing
Contents Preface I. Current Situation
two energy development, energy development strategy and objectives
Third, and comprehensively promote energy conservation
four, five
energy supply capacity and accelerating technological progress
six energy, promote energy and environmental development
seven or eight Deepening energy system reform
to strengthen international cooperation in the field of energy Energy is
Conclusion
Preface survival and development of human society, an important material foundation. Throughout the history of the development of human society, every civilization is accompanied by significant progress in improving energy and replacement. energy development and utilization greatly advanced in the world economy and the development of human society.
the past 100 years, developed countries have completed the industrialization, consumption of a large number of the earth's natural resources, especially energy resources. At present, Some developing countries are entering the stage of industrialization, energy consumption increase is the inevitable economic and social development objective.
China is the world's largest developing country, economic development, poverty, the Chinese government and people for a long The main task of a period of .20 in the late 70 century, China has the world's fastest growing developing country, has achieved remarkable economic and social development of the brilliant achievements, successfully opened up the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics, for the world development and prosperity have made significant contributions.
China is now second in the world energy producer and consumer. continued growth of energy supply for economic and social development has provided important support. The rapid growth of energy consumption for the world energy market to create a broad space for development. China has become an indispensable world energy markets an important part in maintaining global energy security, is playing an increasingly important and active role.
Chinese government is the scientific concept of development guide and accelerate the development of modern energy industry, adhere to resource conservation and environmental protection a basic national policy of building resource-saving and environment-friendly society on the industrialization and modernization strategy in a prominent position, efforts to strengthen capacity for sustainable development, building an innovative country continued economic development and prosperity for the world to make greater contributions.
one, energy development, energy resources, energy status
development. Since the founding of new China, increasing the intensity of energy resources exploration, a number of organizations resource evaluation. China's energy resources have the following characteristics:
mm total abundance of energy resources. China has abundant fossil energy resources. in which the dominant coal .2006, 1.0345 trillion tons of coal resources to maintain the remaining exploration Ming recoverable reserves account for about 13% of the world, listed third in the world. has proven oil and natural gas reserves are relatively insufficient, oil shale, coal bed methane and other unconventional fossil energy reserves potential. China has a relatively rich renewable energy resources. theoretical reserves of hydropower resources equivalent to annual power output of 6.19 trillion kwh, the economically exploitable annual power generation of about 1.76 trillion kwh, equivalent to the amount of the world's water resources for 12% of the column in the world.
mm low per capita ownership of energy resources. China's large population, per capita ownership of energy resources at a low level in the world. coal and water resources per capita amount equal to 50% of the world average, oil and gas resources per capita is only the world average of 1 / 15 or so. cultivated land per capita less than 30% of the world, limiting the development of biomass energy.
mm occurrence of uneven distribution of energy resources. China's energy resources are widely distributed, but not balanced. Coal resources are mainly the existence of Fu north and northwest areas, water resources are mainly distributed in southwest China, oil and natural gas resources exist primarily Fu eastern, central and western regions and sea areas. China's primary energy consumption is concentrated in the southeast coastal economically developed areas, resources, occurrence with the obvious geographical differences in energy consumption. large-scale, long-distance transport coal from north to south, north south transportation of oil, natural gas and electric power, is the salient features of energy flow and energy transport basic pattern.
mm energy resources more difficult. and the world, the Chinese coal resources, poor geological mining conditions, most of the reserves need to underground mining, open pit mining for a very small amount. oil and gas resources in complex geological conditions, buried deep, exploration and development higher technical requirements. untapped hydropower resources are mostly concentrated in the southwest of the mountain valleys, away from the load center, a larger development effort and cost. a very low level of conventional energy resources exploration, the economy is poor, lack of competitiveness.
Since the reform and opening up, the rapid development of China's energy industry, for the protection of a sustained, rapid development has made important contributions, mainly in:
mm supply significantly improved. After decades of efforts, China has initially formed a coal subject-centered power, oil and gas and renewable energy all-round development of the energy supply structure, and basically established a relatively perfect system of energy supply. built a large number of million-ton coal .2006 2.21 billion of total primary energy production tons of standard coal, out in the world. Among them, output of 2.37 billion tons of coal, out in the world. has built Daqing, Shengli, Liaohe, Tarim and other large oil production base in a number of 2006, crude oil production 185 million tonnes, to achieve steady growth, the world's fifth column. natural gas production increased rapidly, from 14.3 billion cubic meters in 1980 increased to 58.6 billion cubic meters in 2006. commercialization of renewable energy capacity in the energy mix in a progressively higher proportion. Power the rapid development of installed capacity and electricity generation to reach 622 million kilowatts, respectively, and 2.87 trillion kwh, are listed in the world. Energy rapid development of comprehensive transport system, transportation capabilities and to build a rail line west and east coal port terminals, forming a north south transport the oil pipeline network, to build a large natural gas lines, to achieve the west to east and regional grid interconnection.
mm energy saving effect is remarkable .1980 m2006, China's energy consumption to an average of 5.6 % average annual growth of 9.8% support the growth of national economy. at 2005 constant prices, million of GDP energy consumption by 3.39 tons of standard coal in 1980 dropped to 1.21 tons of standard coal in 2006, the average annual energy saving rate of 3.9%, reversing the recent energy consumption per unit of GDP rising trend. energy processing, conversion, storage and end use of integrated efficiency of 33%, compared with 1980 increased by 8 percentage points. the unit energy consumption decreased , where steel, cement, ammonia and other products of large integrated energy and coal consumption and the international advanced level shrinking.
mm consumption structure has been optimized. China's energy consumption has been ranked the world's second .2006, primary energy consumption totaled 2.46 billion tons of standard coal. China attaches great importance to optimize energy consumption structure, and coal in primary energy consumption rose from 72.2% in 1980 to 69.4% in 2006, other energy rose from 27.8% up to 30.6%. in which the proportion of renewable energy and nuclear power from 4.0% to 7.2%, oil and natural gas increase. final energy consumption structure was evident, the coal share of energy into electricity from 20.7% to 49.6%, commercial energy and clean use of energy in living can be significantly improved in the proportion.
mm technology has improved rapidly. China has made significant achievements in energy science and technology in order to the technological development of the theory of petroleum geology. oil and gas industry has formed a relatively complete system of exploration and development of technology, especially complex block exploration and development, to improve oil recovery techniques in a leading position in the international community. completed a number of coal industry large-scale mine the international advanced level, the focus integrated mechanized coal mining increased significantly. In the power industry, advanced technology and large capacity and high power generation units are widely used parameters, station design, engineering and equipment manufacturing technology has reached world advanced level, million-kilowatt nuclear pressurized water reactor with the initial design and construction capabilities independently, cooled reactor, fast neutron breeder reactor technology research and development a major breakthrough. flue gas desulfurization pollution control, renewable energy development and use of technology rapidly. positive and negative 500 kV DC and 750 kV AC transmission demonstration projects have been put into operation, plus or minus 800 kV DC and 1000 kV UHV AC Transmission pilot demonstration project started.
mm environmental progress. The Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental protection, strengthening environmental protection has become a basic national policy of environmental awareness among all sectors of society in general increase of 1992 and the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, China formulated the protection, and achieved positive progress. China's energy policy to reduce and effectively control the process of energy development and utilization of environmental damage caused by environmental pollution as the main content of .2006, dust removal facilities in coal-fired unit installation rate and rate of wastewater discharge standards nearly 100%, smoke and dust emissions in 1980 is almost equal unit of electricity to reduce dust emissions by 90% .2006, the country built and put into operation of the desulfurization of thermal power installed capacity of 104 million kilowatts, more than the sum of the previous 10 years, equipment desulphurization facilities, thermal power accounts for the proportion of the total installed capacity of thermal power from 2000 to 2% to 30%.
mm market conditions gradually improved. gradually improve China's energy market, the energy industry progressed steadily. energy breakthrough corporate restructuring, essential to establish a modern enterprise system. investors to achieve diversification, rapid growth in energy investment, expanding the market. coal industry production and distribution of basic realization of the market. power industry realized the separation of enterprise Changwangfenkai, the establishment of regulatory bodies. basically realized oil and gas industry upstream and downstream, domestic and foreign trade integration. energy prices, the deepening of reform, the price mechanism has been improved.
With China's rapid economic development and industrialization, accelerated urbanization, energy demand is growing, build a stable, economical, clean and safe energy supply system faces major challenges highlighted in the following areas:
mm outstanding resource constraints, energy efficiency is low. China's quality relative shortage of energy resources, improvement of supply capacity constrained ; energy resources are unevenly distributed, has also increased the difficulty of continued stable supply; the extensive mode of economic growth, irrational energy structure, the low level of energy technology and equipment and management level is relatively backward, resulting in energy consumption per unit of GDP and the main energy-consuming products energy higher than the average level of major energy consuming countries, further exacerbated the contradiction between energy supply and demand. simply increasing the energy supply, to meet growing consumer demand.
mm coal-dominated energy consumption and environmental pressures. Coal is China's primary energy, coal-dominated energy structure in the future for a long time to change. relatively backward methods of coal production and consumption, increasing pressure on environmental protection. coal consumption is causing a major coal-burning air pollution reasons, but also a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. With the rapid increase in vehicle population, air pollution in some cities have become soot mixed with motor vehicle exhaust. this situation continues, the ecological environment will lead to more pressure.
mm imperfect market system, emergency response capability needs to be strengthened. China's energy market system needs to be improved, the energy pricing mechanism fails to fully reflect the scarcity of resources, supply and demand and environmental costs. energy resource exploration and development to further standardize the order to be , the energy regulatory system Shangdai Jian full. coal mine production safety more outstanding loans, power grid structure is not reasonable, less oil reserve capacity to effectively deal with energy supply disruptions and major emergencies and early warning system to be further improved and strengthened.
II energy development strategy and adhere to China's energy development goals
conservation development, clean development and safe development. adhere to the development is the last word, with the development and reform of the methods to solve the problem. implement the scientific concept of development, people-oriented, change the development ideas, innovation and development pattern, improve the quality of development. adhere to the high technological content, low resource consumption, little environmental pollution, good economic returns, guaranteed security of energy development path, to maximize the energy of a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development.
insist on relying on domestic energy development in China's basic principles and the basic national policy of opening up to the stable growth of domestic energy to ensure a stable supply of energy, and promote common development of the world's energy. China's energy development will bring more countries in the world more opportunities for development, will bring a broad international market development, energy security and stability in the world will make a positive contribution.
the basic content of China's energy strategy are: priority to conservation, relying on domestic supply, develop diverse, relying on technology, environmental protection, strengthen mutually beneficial cooperation in international efforts to build a stable, economical, clean and safe energy supply system to support sustainable energy development sustainable economic and social development.
mm high priority to conservation. China regards resource conservation as basic state policy of energy development and conservation simultaneously, saving priority, positive change in economic development, adjusting the industrial structure, encourage the development of energy-saving technologies, popularizing energy-saving products, improving energy management, improving energy efficiency regulations and standards, and continuously improve energy efficiency.
mm based on the domestic. China mainly relies on increased domestic energy supply security by increasing domestic supply capacity steadily and continuously to meet the growing needs of energy markets.
mm diversity. orderly development of coal in China will actively develop the power, speed up development of oil and gas, encourage the development of coalbed methane, vigorously develop hydropower and other renewable energy resources, actively promote nuclear power development, scientific development of alternative energy, optimizing energy structure, multi-can complement each other to ensure a steady supply of energy.
mm rely on Science and Technology. fully rely on energy science and technology, enhance independent innovation capability, enhance digestion and absorption of imported technology and re-innovation, break through the technical bottleneck of energy development, improve key technologies and major equipment manufacturing level, and create energy development and utilization of new ways to enhance the development potential.
mm protect the environment. China to build resource-saving and environment-friendly society as the goal and actively promote the coordinated development of energy and the environment. adhere to the realization in the development of protection, in promoting development in the protection and achieving sustainable development.
mm mutually beneficial cooperation. based on the domestic energy development in China based on equality and mutual benefit and win-win adhere to the principles, candid and pragmatic attitude, and the International Energy Agency and world countries to strengthen energy cooperation, and actively improve the cooperation mechanism, deepen cooperation and maintain international energy security and stability.
Seventeenth CPC National Congress proposed to accelerate the transformation of mode of development, optimizing structure, improving efficiency, reducing consumption and protecting the environment, based on the gross domestic product per capita in 2020 quadruple the year 2000. emissions reduction of 10%.
to achieve economic and social development goals, China's energy development and social development needs, remarkable results were achieved energy conservation, energy efficiency has been markedly improved, the structure was further optimized, technology has made substantial progress, economic efficiency and market competitiveness significantly increased, with the socialist market economic system to adapt to the energy macro-control, market supervision laws and regulations, and early warning systems and mechanisms are gradually improving, energy and economic, social, and environmental development.
three, and comprehensively promote energy conservation
China is a large population and relative shortage of resources in developing countries. to achieve sustainable economic and social development, must take the road of saving resources. China has planned and organized to carry out energy conservation work began in the early 80s, through the implementation of the to achieve economic growth on quadruple century, the goal of doubling energy consumption growth. To continue to further promote energy conservation, the Chinese government further put forward the conservation of resources as a basic national policy, issued a . The Chinese Government has always been to conserve energy as the main content of macro-control, as a change in mode of development, optimizing the structure of the breakthrough point and the starting point. in promoting energy conservation work, to achieve energy reduction is the fundamental way; relying on technological progress, which is the key to energy saving; rely on strengthening management, which is an important energy saving measures; rely on strengthening the legal system, which is an important guarantee of energy saving; rely on deepening reform This is the internal driving force for energy conservation; rely on public participation, which is the social basis of energy conservation. to develop and implement a and the concrete implementation of energy saving tasks to the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities as well as key enterprises. China is improving GDP and energy consumption indicator system, the energy consumption into the economic and social development around the comprehensive evaluation and annual evaluation, the implementation of energy per unit of GDP consumption indicators bulletin system, the implementation of energy conservation target responsibility and accountability, building energy-saving industrial system and promote economic development fundamental change in the way.
save energy, ease the resource constraints is a realistic choice. promote energy conservation, is economic and social development strategy for the long-term and arduous task. China adheres to government-led, market-based, business-oriented, joint participation in society, and comprehensively promote energy conservation. China is committed to improving energy efficiency as the core, to transform the mode of economic development , adjusting the economic structure and accelerating technological progress as the fundamental building energy and resource conservation-type industrial structure, development and consumption patterns. to establish energy-saving industrial system, the implementation of energy conservation target responsibility system and evaluation and examination system. improve the energy-saving technology promotion mechanism to encourage energy-saving technology and product development. deepen energy system, improve energy pricing mechanism, give full play to the financial and tax and other economic policy role in promoting energy conservation.
China's full implementation of the energy conservation measures are:
mm promote restructuring . a long time, mainly due to the low energy efficiency of economic growth pattern and high proportion of high energy consuming industries. China adheres to the changing patterns of development, adjustment of industrial structure and the internal structure of the strategic focus as an energy conservation efforts to form a ; low input, low consumption, low emission, high efficiency elimination of backward production capacity, promote fundamental change in the way of economic development, accelerate the construction of energy-saving industrial system.
mm to enhance industrial energy efficiency. industry is a key area of China's energy consumption. China adheres to the high technological content, good economic returns, low resource consumption environmental pollution and human resources into full play the new road to industrialization, speed up the development of high-tech industry, the use of high technology and advanced applicable technologies to transform traditional industries and enhance the overall level of industry. focus on strengthening the steel, nonferrous metals, coal, electricity, petroleum and petrochemical , chemicals, energy saving building materials high energy-consuming industries. Chinese enterprises to implement energy saving thousands of action, focus on strengthening the tons of standard coal in energy consumption and energy management of industrial enterprises above. adjustment of product structure, speed up technological innovation, improve management, reduce energy consumption. to support a number of major energy conservation and demonstration projects, promote industrial energy efficiency standards. to further improve industrial energy efficiency standards and norms, forced out of the backward high-energy products, improve the energy efficiency market access system.
mm Implementation energy conservation projects. China is implementing a conservation alternative to oil, cogeneration, waste heat recovery, building energy-saving ten key energy conservation projects and demonstration projects to support key energy saving, and encouraging the promotion and application of energy efficient products. China to develop land-efficient construction, and actively promote energy saving of existing buildings, extensive use of new wall materials. implement conservation and alternative petroleum engineering, scientific development of alternative fuels. accelerate the elimination of old automobiles, ships, actively develop public transport, limiting high-fuel efficient vehicles, developing energy saving cars. speed up coal-fired industrial boiler (kiln) Furnace, regional cogeneration and waste heat and pressure utilization, improve energy efficiency. for electrical energy and energy system optimization, operation and energy systems to improve the efficiency of the motor. implementation of green lighting project accelerate the application of efficient appliances. accelerate the promotion of the rural province of firewood coal saving stoves, energy-saving housing technology, elimination of high energy consumption of old farm machinery, fishing boats, promote agricultural and rural energy. to strengthen government institutions energy saving, energy-saving role of the government's role in promoting the community. accelerate energy-saving monitoring and technical service system, strengthen energy monitoring, innovative service platform.
mm strengthening of energy conservation. The Chinese government established a government system of compulsory procurement of energy-saving products, actively promote the priority to buy energy-saving (including water) products, select some significant energy savings, performance of products to be more mature force procurement. actively play the role of government procurement policy guidance, and stimulated the production and use of energy-saving products. study and formulate fiscal and taxation policies to encourage energy conservation, the implementation of preferential tax policies for comprehensive utilization of resources, the establishment of multi-channel energy financing mechanisms. deepen reform of energy prices, and create favorable energy price formation mechanism. the implementation of energy-saving assessments of fixed asset investment projects and audit system, strict source of energy consumption growth. to establish a new mechanism for energy companies to implement energy efficiency labeling management, promoting contract energy management and energy conservation voluntary agreements. establish and improve energy conservation law and regulation, strengthen energy management. strengthen energy conservation management team building and strengthen law enforcement supervision and inspection.
mm advocate social energy. China has taken various forms to vigorously promote the importance of energy conservation meaning, constantly enhance the sense of national resources and conservation. promote energy conservation, culture, and strive to create a healthy, civilized and economical mode of consumption. to save energy in basic education, vocational education, higher education and technical training system, the use of press, publishing, broadcasting Television and other media, and vigorously promote and popularize energy-saving knowledge. continue to carry out energy-saving publicity week, to mobilize the community to participate in efforts to establish a long-term mechanism of energy-saving society.
Fourth, to improve energy supply capacity
a long time, China mainly relies on domestic energy resources, economic development, energy self-sufficiency rate has remained above 90%, far higher than most developed countries. At present, China has become the world's second largest energy producer, with a strong foundation for energy production and supply. In the process of building a moderately prosperous society, China will be the first based on domestic energy resources, focus on optimizing the energy structure, efforts to improve the supply capacity.
the development of energy resources in China have great potential. coal resources have been found only resource endowment 13% of the amount of recoverable reserves have been discovered resources accounted for 40%. Water resources development and utilization level of only 20%. the degree of proven oil resources and 33%, began to enter the exploration and medium-term, there is still great potential. natural gas exploration out the extent of 14%, in the early exploration of resources and broad prospects. non-conventional energy resources development and utilization is still in the early stage of development potential. development and utilization of renewable energy has just started, the development is very big. resource-saving, comprehensive utilization and recycling etc., there are good prospects.
China to improve energy supply capacity measures are:
mm and orderly development of coal. Coal is China's basic energy, increase supply capacity, optimize the energy structure, ensure mine safety and reduce environmental pollution, increase resource utilization efficiency and build a new coal industry system, is an urgent need to protect the national economy. exploration of coal resources in China to increase efforts to support large-scale coal-based resources survey and geological detailed investigation, standard commercial exploration, improve the level of protection of resources, and steadily promote large-scale coal bases. through corporate mergers and restructuring, the formation of several hundred million ton production capacity of large enterprise groups. continue to promote the integration of coal resource development, adjustment and reform medium and small coal mines, according to law, not out of line with industrial policies, not safety conditions, wasting resources and destroying the environment of small coal mines, and further optimize the structure of the coal industry. to promote the coordinated development of related industries and encourage the implementation of coal or coal transported associate integrated operation, to extend the coal industrial chain. to improve the level of mechanization and mine Comprehensive mechanization coal mining, promote clean production and use of coal, to encourage the development and promotion of clean coal technologies, accelerate research and demonstration of alternative liquid fuels. actively develop a circular economy, strengthen environmental protection, promote the comprehensive utilization of resources, speed up coalbed methane industry development. strengthen the coal transportation system, steadily enhance the transport capacity. to establish safe production responsibility system, and increase coal mine safety improvement and gas control input, continuously improve the safety level of production.
mm actively developing electric power. Electricity is clean and efficient energy the establishment of economic, efficient and stable power supply system is to ensure that the development of national economy and the basic requirement of social stability. China is committed to restructuring as the main line, optimize the power structure. In considering the resources, technology, environmental protection and the basis of such factors as market , the optimal development of coal power, build large coal base, encourage the development of Hang Hau Station, focusing on the development of large and efficient environmental protection unit. proactive development of combined heat and power, to speed up the elimination of backward small thermal power units. in protecting the ecology, the conditions to properly resolve the immigration issue , vigorously develop hydropower. actively promote nuclear power construction. appropriately develop natural gas. encourage renewable energy and new energy power generation. the strengthening of regional and transmission and distribution network construction, expand the scale west to east. the implementation of unified planning and scheduling power to establish and improve electrical safety, emergency response system, and improve power system security and reliability. continue to strengthen the demand side management, the implementation of energy-saving operation, efforts to improve energy efficiency.
mm accelerate the development of oil and gas. China will continue to implement the policy of both oil and gas, increase oil production steady efforts to increase natural gas production. to increase oil and natural gas exploration and development efforts focus on strengthening the Bohai Bay, Songliao, Tarim, Ordos Basin and other major oil and gas exploration and development, and actively explore the land Area, new areas, new layers and key sea exploration effectively increase the recoverable reserves. dig the main oil-producing areas of development potential, strengthen the stable transformation, enhanced oil recovery, slow and old oil field production decline. in the economic and reasonable conditions, the positive development of coal bed methane, oil shale, oil sands and other non-conventional energy sources. continue to accelerate oil and gas pipeline networks and supporting facilities, and gradually improve the national gas pipeline network.
mm vigorously develop renewable energy. Renewable energy is a priority development area of China's energy. the development of renewable energy use, increasing energy supplies, improve energy structure, has an important role in promoting environmental protection, is to address energy supply and demand and the strategic choice to achieve sustainable development. China has enacted the , the full purchase price and the community pool policy. established a special fund for renewable energy development to support resource survey, R & D, pilot demonstration projects and rural renewable energy development and utilization. issued a development plan Small hydroelectric pumped storage power station construction. promoting solar thermal, biogas and other mature technologies, increase market share. actively promote wind power, biomass and solar power generation use of technology, will build several million-kilowatt wind power base to promote large-scale industrialization. to actively implement the support for renewable energy development and supporting policies, foster sustained and stable growth of the renewable energy market, and gradually establish and improve systems and renewable energy industry, market and service system, promotion of renewable energy technologies progress and industrial development.
mm strengthen the rural energy construction. China's 7.5 billion people live in rural areas, by economic and technical limitations, most rural areas still rely on traditional use of biomass energy. solve the rural energy problem is a comprehensive building a socialist new countryside inevitable requirement for a particular problem in China. Chinese government for its ;, million rural people without electricity and electricity in remote areas without electricity problem, the basic realization of the urban and rural Tongwangtongjia. China will continue to actively develop rural household biogas, biomass utilization, solar thermal, etc. for rural areas to provide clean life energy. continue to promote the use of firewood saving stoves kang province, small wind power, micro-hydro and other rural small-scale energy facilities. continue to increase the supply of fossil fuels in rural areas of quality, improve the proportion of the rural commercial energy consumption. continue to strengthen the rural power grid construction, actively expand network coverage. active in the green energy demonstration counties to speed up rural development and utilization of renewable energy.
V.
accelerate the progress of energy technology are primary productive forces of science and technology, is the source of motive energy development. China is highly emphasis on energy science and technology development, energy technology industry to further narrow the gap with the developed and effectively promoted the overall development of the energy industry .2005, the Chinese government formulated the technology on the priority position, according to independent innovation, focusing on cross, supporting the development of guiding the future to accelerate progress in energy technology, sustainable energy development efforts to provide technical support.
technology development in China follow the rules and characteristics actively develop and promote the conservation, substitution, recycling and pollution of the advanced and applicable technologies, progress on energy technologies to create a favorable policy environment. gradual establishment of enterprises as the mainstay and market-oriented, a combination of research and technological innovation system. to Organize advanced energy technology R & D and application, through the market mechanism, and guide enterprises to speed up technological progress, improve energy efficiency. great efforts to strengthen energy technology personnel training, focus on improving policies and regulations and technical standards for energy technology development to create good conditions.
mm promote energy-saving technologies. China regards the development of energy technologies, energy-saving technology as the priority themes, focusing on capturing the key energy-intensive areas of energy saving technologies, greatly improve the primary energy and end energy efficiency. the implementation of energy saving technology policy framework to guide social investment in energy-saving technology . focuses on the development of industrial, transportation, construction and other areas of energy-saving technologies and equipment, and building integration of renewable energy and energy-saving building materials, application technology. strengthen the energy measurement, control, supervision and management, and actively cultivate energy-saving technological service system.
mm promote innovation in key technologies. China encourages development of clean coal technology, promoting the conversion of coal gasification and processing of advanced technology research and development, promotion of integrated gasification combined cycle, supercritical (ultra) supercritical, advanced large-scale circulating fluidized bed power generation technology, the development of coal gasification-based poly-generation technologies. major focus of the third-generation pressurized water reactor nuclear power control technology, to capture HTR industrial experimental techniques. actively developing oil and gas exploration and development of complex geology and efficient development of low-grade oil and gas resources technology. encourage the development of alternative energy technologies ...